State of charge refers to how high a percentage of fully charged a battery is. An example would be if you were to discharge 25% of a batteries capacity the battery would be 75% S.O.C (state of charge). The same example would show a 25% depth of discharge.
An IP rating is an international standardised test to describe how dust and waterproof a piece of equipment is.
The numbers indicate the dust ingress/resistance and the second number refers to its water-resistance / repellant. The number scale from 1 to 8, 8 being of the highest protection and 1 the lowest.
Some examples:
Commercial TV IP20
Notebook IP21
Submersible in water items end with a 7 or 8. Splash proof ends with a 5. Water tends to do more damage to electronics than dust (in small amounts) which is why we have focused on the last number but dust can also short out electrical equipment so ensure items remain clean and free of dust.
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Start Stop refers to a vehicle's engine stopping when a vehicle comes to a standstill and restarts automatically when the driver releases the brake or presses the accelerator.